In Olivier van Noort, Description du pénible voyage fait entour de l’univers ou globe terrestre, par Sr. Olivier du Nort d’Vtrecht, general de quatre navires … (Amsterdam, Netherlands: Veuve de Cornille Nicolas, 1610), 6, https://www.proquest.com/docview/2111768507/citation/2BECBF78DA7647B6PQ/1.

Four Dutch ships approached Rio de Janeiro in February 1599 seeking food and supplies. Led by Olivier van Noort, they were on their way to the Pacific, via the Straits of Magellan, to attack Spanish possessions (and in fact they completed the fourth circumnavigation of the world). The map-like landscape tells the story of their four days at the entrance of the Guanabara Bay. Arriving on the 9th of February 1599, van Noort’s later published account describes their unsuccessful attempt to obtain food and water. Labeled G on the map are the places where they anchored–outside the entrance of the bay, in very dangerous waters because of the huge rocky cliffs. There was a bad storm one night that nearly threw the ships on the rocks. Despite the presence of a pilot on board who had visited Rio some five years earlier and a Dutch-speaking Portuguese go-between who was sent to parlay with them, van Noort was not able to enter the bay nor to provision his ships.  Label C marks the Pão de Açúcar, towards which van Noort sent a boat to land in a bay just past the peak, to try and get fruits and possibly water from the Carioca River but the men were ambushed. Both sides took prisoners. In the negotiations, an enslaved man (unclear if indigenous of African) swam ashore with a letter. A Dutch sailor also swam to shore and was leftbehind in Rio. Label D marks where prisoners were later exchanged after the flying of a white flag. Both map and landscape depict the recently built fort at the entrance of the bay, later to be known as the Santa Cruz Fort. The city of Rio is shown on the Morro do Castelo (label B), and the map-like landscape clearly conveys the defensive position of the upper city.

Legend above the map:

Transcription  (modernized French):

Représentation du Rio Janeiro en 23 dégréez 15 minutes au Sud de la Ligne, ou que cherchions rafraichissement. G. Ici estimons ancrez avec nos navires. A est le château des Portugalise, situe au Coste Nord de l’entrée. B. Vis à vis du château gis la ville de Janeiro. C. Et un Mont, nome pain de Sucre, auquel gaschames avec 70 hommes envoyons um métis e deux hommes en terre, qui furent assaillez d’une grande troupe cachée en embuscade, & emmenez prisonniers, nous nous sauvons de fuite ver nos bateaux, auxquelles ils tirèrent dru, tellement que 6 ou 7 de nôtres en furent blessez. D. L’endroit ou que reçûmes nos prisonniers, rendant les leurs.

Translation:

Representation of Rio Janeiro at 23 degrees 15 minutes south of the line [Equator] where we were looking for provisions. G. Here we estimate the anchorage of our ships. A. is the fortress of the Portuguese, located on the coast north of the entrance. B. Opposite the fortress lies the city of Janeiro. C. And a Mountain, named Sugar Loaf, to which we rowed with 70 men, [and] sending a mixed-race man and two men ashore, they were attacked by a large hidden company in an ambush and taken away as prisoners; we saved ourselves and fled to our ships at which they fired so hard that 6 or 7 of ours were wounded. D. The place where we exchanged our prisoners.